Product Name: Bis(2-Chloroethyl) Ether
Synonyms: β,β'-Dichlorodiethyl ether, Chlorex
Chemical Formula: C4H8Cl2O
CAS Number: 111-44-4
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, chemical intermediate in manufacturing
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Hazard Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral and Inhalation), Carcinogenicity (IARC Group 2A - Probably carcinogenic to humans), Eye Irritation, Skin Irritation, Specific Target Organ Toxicity
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled, causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, suspected of causing cancer, may cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Skull and Crossbones, Health Hazard, Exclamation Mark
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye/face protection; wash hands thoroughly after use; avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors, and spray; do not eat, drink or smoke during use
Chemical Name: Bis(2-Chloroethyl) Ether
Synonyms: β,β'-Dichlorodiethyl ether
CAS Number: 111-44-4
Concentration: 100%
Impurities or Stabilizing Additives: No relevant additives identified
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms like coughing or breathing difficulty appear
Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical advice for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, seek immediate medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth immediately, do not induce vomiting, offer water to drink if person is conscious, obtain urgent medical care
Most Important Symptoms: Nausea, headache, dizziness, irritation of skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, delayed health effects possible
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam
Specific Hazards: May emit toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and carbon oxides under fire conditions
Protective Equipment: Full protective suit, self-contained breathing apparatus recommended
Advice for Firefighters: Use water spray to cool unopened containers near fire, evacuate area if possible, avoid inhalation of combustion products
Special Procedures: Prevent run-off from entering drains or water sources
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ensure adequate ventilation, use respiratory protection, avoid skin and eye contact
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from reaching drains, surface water, or soil
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb with inert material such as sand or earth, collect in labeled containers for disposal, ventilate affected area thoroughly, decontaminate and clean surfaces with water and detergent
Additional Considerations: Ensure use of recommended PPE, notify responsible authorities if large spills occur
Handling: Wear appropriate PPE, avoid inhaling vapors or contact with skin and eyes, use only in well-ventilated areas, keep containers tightly closed, do not breathe mist or spray
Storage: Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible substances like strong acids, bases, and oxidizers, protect from light, store in corrosion-resistant container with tight closure, clearly label the storage area to restrict unauthorized access
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation required, use closed systems where feasible, maintain eyewash stations and safety showers in working areas
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), splash goggles, face shield, lab coat or chemically resistant coveralls, appropriate respiratory protection for airborne concentrations above exposure limits
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL 5 ppm (27 mg/m3) TWA, NIOSH REL 0.5 ppm (3 mg/m3) TWA, ACGIH TLV 1 ppm (6.3 mg/m3) TWA
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area, remove contaminated clothing and clean thoroughly before reuse
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pleasant, ether-like odor
Melting Point: -34°C
Boiling Point: 178°C
Flash Point: 70°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 1 mmHg at 35°C
Vapor Density: 4.5 (air = 1)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, ether, chloroform
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 1.54
Density: 1.18 g/cm3 at 20°C
pH: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Slower than ether
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 412°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to heat, open flame, moisture, strong light
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids and bases, oxidizing agents, alkali metals, aluminum
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization reported
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 140 mg/kg; inhalation LC50 (rat): 655 ppm (4 hours)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes moderate to severe irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious irritation, potential for corneal damage
Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified as a respiratory sensitizer
Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 2A, probable human carcinogen
Reproductive Toxicity: Limited data available, not classified
Other Effects: May cause liver, kidney, or central nervous system damage with long-term or repeated exposure
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Mobility in Soil: Low to moderate mobility, potential to leach into ground water
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down slowly under environmental conditions
Bioaccumulative Potential: May accumulate in aquatic organisms due to moderate log Kow
Other Adverse Effects: Volatility and slight water solubility increase environmental spread risk, exceptionally cautious disposal required to minimize impact
Waste Handling: Collect all waste in clearly labeled, tightly sealed containers
Disposal Methods: Send to licensed hazardous waste disposer, incineration with proper scrubbers preferred
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse, puncture, and dispose through hazardous waste contractor
Additional Guidance: Avoid release to environment, comply with all local, regional, national, and international regulations
UN Number: UN 1916
UN Proper Shipping Name: Bis(2-Chloroethyl) Ether
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic Substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Toxic, Environmentally Hazardous
DOT Classification: Regulated, toxic by inhalation
Special Precautions: Keep containers upright and secure, notify carrier of hazardous nature, emergency response information must accompany shipment
OSHA: Regulated under Process Safety Management Standard, listed as hazardous
TSCA: Listed in Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA: Reportable quantity due to acute and chronic health effects
RCRA: Classified as hazardous waste (U102)
California Proposition 65: Listed as a chemical known to State of California to cause cancer
REACH: Requires registration, subject to supply/use restrictions in some countries
Other International Listings: Covered under international agreements on trade in dangerous chemicals (e.g., Rotterdam Convention)
