Product Name: 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
Synonyms: Bronopol
CAS Number: 52-51-7
Recommended Use: Preservative in personal care, cosmetics, industrial water systems, cooling towers, paper mills, oil recovery.
Supplier Information: Manufacturing company contact with address, emergency phone, email.
Emergency Overview: White to off-white crystalline solid with faint odor.
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral) Category 4, Eye Damage/Irritation Category 1, Skin Irritation Category 2, Acute Aquatic Toxicity Category 1, Chronic Aquatic Toxicity Category 1
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye damage. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Do not breathe dust. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye/face protection. Avoid release to the environment.
Other Hazards: Contact with reducing agents releases toxic gases.
Chemical Name: 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
CAS Registry No.: 52-51-7
EC No.: 200-143-0
Concentration: 99% or greater (technical grade)
Impurities: Trace moisture, manufacturing by-products.
Molecular Formula: C3H6BrNO4
Molecular Weight: 199.99 g/mol
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop. Provide oxygen or artificial respiration if breathing is difficult.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash exposed skin with soap and copious amounts of water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for persistent irritation or if symptoms worsen.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes lifting upper and lower eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy. Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. If the person is conscious, give small amounts of water. Seek immediate medical help. Monitor for development of symptoms such as gastrointestinal distress, respiratory effects, or systemic toxicity.
Most important symptoms/effects: Irritation, redness, pain, burning of eyes or skin, possible headache, nausea, dizziness.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam. Use media suitable for surrounding fire.
Specific Hazards: During combustion, releases irritating or toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, bromine compounds, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant clothing. Avoid inhaling gases, vapors, or combustion products.
Precautions: Approach fire from upwind, keep unnecessary personnel away, cool containers with water spray to prevent pressure buildup.
Personal Precautions: Use personal protective equipment including gloves, goggles, and protective overalls. Avoid skin and eye contact, avoid dust generation.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, surface or groundwater. Notify relevant authorities if release leads to contamination of watercourse or sewer.
Methods for Cleanup: Collect solid material by shoveling into a suitable labeled container for reuse or disposal. Clean residue with plenty of water, avoid high-pressure washing that could cause dust.
Small Spills: Use damp cloth or mop for cleanup.
Large Spills: Evacuate area, contain spill, use inert absorbent such as sand or earth.
Disposal: Dispose of recovered material in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Handling: Maintain good personal hygiene and industrial hygiene. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Use only with local exhaust ventilation. Keep containers tightly closed. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use.
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances such as strong acids, bases, reducing agents, and strong oxidizers. Keep container tightly sealed, use original or compatible materials.
Special Considerations: Segregate from food and animal feed. Post proper warning signage in storage areas.
Exposure Limits: No established ACGIH, NIOSH, or OSHA exposure limits.
Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to reduce worker exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene material recommended), safety glasses with side shields or chemical splash goggles, protective clothing.
Respiratory Protection: Use properly fitted respirator in high dust or bulk handling situations.
Other Protection: Eyewash fountains and safety showers should be readily available. Good housekeeping and regular equipment maintenance support exposure control.
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Slight characteristic odor
Odor Threshold: Not determined
pH: 5-7 (1% solution)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 130-135°C (decomposition starts before melting)
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Not flammable
Vapor Density: Not available
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): log Pow = -0.64
Decomposition Temperature: Above 130°C
Density: 1.75 g/cm3
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal handling, storage, and transport conditions, sensitive to heat and moisture.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with reducing agents to generate hazardous gases, including oxides of nitrogen.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, alkalis, reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents. Avoid mixing with amines, hydrazine, or other reactive chemicals.
Hazardous Decomposition: Thermal decomposition liberates toxic fumes such as hydrogen bromide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde.
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 307 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes irritation on contact. Prolonged or repeated exposure can cause dermatitis.
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Severe irritant, risk of serious, permanent damage if not treated immediately.
Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified as a respiratory sensitizer, but inhalation of dust may cause respiratory tract irritation.
Skin Sensitization: Possible allergic reaction in sensitive individuals, especially in occupational settings.
Chronic Effects: No clear evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity in occupational settings. No IARC, NTP, or OSHA classification.
Other Health Effects: Overexposure can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, central nervous system effects in severe cases.
Ecotoxicity: Acute LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 1.6 mg/L; EC50 (daphnia, 48 hr): 1.4 mg/L. Highly toxic to aquatic life with potential for long-term adverse effects.
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable; may persist in the environment.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low bioaccumulation expected (log Kow < 1).
Mobility in Soil: Expected high mobility, water soluble.
Other Adverse Effects: Harmful to both aquatic and terrestrial life; avoid discharge to environment.
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of as hazardous waste in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. Collection by licensed chemical waste disposal contractor recommended.
Container Disposal: Rinse empty containers with water, render them unusable, and hand over to authorized waste facility.
Special Precautions: Do not dispose to drains, surface water, or soil. Avoid release to environment during disposal processes.
UN Number: UN3241
UN Proper Shipping Name: 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: III
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture; use tightly closed original container; segregate from incompatible substances; ensure compliance with local and international regulations.
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant
Transport Labels: Toxic substance, marine pollutant labels required.
US TSCA: Listed
EU REACH: Registered, subject to certain restrictions for leave-on personal care use
OSHA Hazard Communication: Classified hazardous
SARA Title III: Not listed as extremely hazardous or toxic chemical
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as toxic material
Other Regulations: Subject to workplace exposure controls and environmental release controls in many countries; included in environmental hazard lists due to aquatic toxicity.
