Product Name: 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-Dimethylhydantoin
Synonyms: DBDMH, Dibromantin
CAS Number: 77-48-5
Recommended Use: Disinfection, sanitization in water treatment, and industrial applications
Supplier/Manufacturer: [Contact details to be filled per facility]
Emergency Contact: [National Poison Control Center or facility-specific emergency number]
Address: [Supplier’s location]
Telephone: [General and emergency phone numbers]
Classification: Oxidizing solid, Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation), Skin corrosion/irritation, Serious eye damage/irritation, Aquatic acute and chronic hazard
GHS Label Elements:
— Signal Word: Danger
— Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, May cause respiratory irritation, Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
— Pictograms: Corrosive, Exclamation mark, Environmental hazard, Oxidizer
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Physical Hazards: Oxidizing properties, intensifies fire in contact with combustible materials
Health Hazards: Severe irritation and burns to skin, eyes, respiratory tract; harmful reactions may occur days after exposure
Environmental Hazards: Acute and chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms, potential for bioaccumulation in water bodies
Chemical Name: 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-Dimethylhydantoin
Common Name: DBDMH
Formula: C5H6Br2N2O2
CAS Number: 77-48-5
Concentration: ≥99% (pure compound)
Impurities: May contain trace water and decomposition byproducts such as bromine, hydantoin derivatives
Other Ingredients: None intentionally added
Inhalation: Remove the exposed person to fresh air immediately, keep at rest in comfortable position, monitor breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin Contact: Take off contaminated clothing and rinse skin under running water for at least fifteen minutes, use soap, do not scrub, seek immediate medical help for burns or lasting irritation.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, seek urgent medical treatment.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, give water to drink only if victim is conscious and not convulsing, get immediate medical advice.
Most Important Symptoms: Intense burning, redness, swelling, inhalation may cause coughing and breathing difficulty, delayed effects possible.
Note to Physician: Symptomatic treatment and supportive care, monitor for respiratory distress, skin burns, and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, large quantities of water, acid-resistant foam
Unsuitable Media: Dry chemical extinguishers ineffective, avoid use of halogenated agents; may exacerbate reaction
Specific Hazards: Decomposes upon heating and fire exposure producing toxic fumes including bromine, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant suit
Firefighting Instructions: Evacuate area; use water spray to cool containers; avoid inhalation of toxic smoke; prevent fire control water from entering environment
Explosion Risk: Contact with combustible or organic material may cause fire; may evolve bromine gas explosively if overheated or in fire
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel, ventilate area, don chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, clothing, and dust or respirator mask
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering water bodies, storm drains, and soil by using barriers or absorbent materials
Spill Cleanup: Scoop up spilled solid, avoid dust generation; transfer material to sealable non-combustible container for proper disposal; decontaminate surfaces with abundant water
Special Procedures: Isolate affected area, restrict access, avoid direct contact and inhalation of dust, gather residues for chemical waste collection
Handling: Handle under local ventilation or fume hood, wear protective gear, avoid formation of dust, keep away from skin, eyes, clothing, and incompatible substances such as acids, alkalis, reducing agents, organic materials, combustible materials
Storage: Store in original tightly closed, well-labeled containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; isolate from food, drinks, incompatible substances, and ignition sources
Special Conditions: Protect from moisture and direct sunlight; storage area equipped with spill containment
Incompatible Materials: Metals, acids, reducing agents, ammonium salts, organic substances, flammable materials
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation to minimize airborne exposure, employ chemical fume hoods where practical
Personal Protection:
— Eye protection: Safety goggles or face shield
— Skin protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeved laboratory coat, impervious footwear
— Respiratory protection: Use NIOSH or EN-approved respirator for dust and vapors where airborne concentrations exceed recommended limits
Hygienic Practices: Wash hands and face thoroughly after use, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work area, do not wear contaminated clothing outside work
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH limits; minimize exposure as much as possible
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Odor: Faintly pungent, bromine-like
Odor Threshold: Not determined
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 199 - 201°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid oxidizer)
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Not combustible; oxidizer
Upper/Lower Flammability Limits: Not applicable
Vapor Pressure: 0.0013 hPa (20°C, estimated)
Vapor Density: Not applicable
Density: ~2.4 g/cm³
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; decomposes slowly releasing hypobromous acid
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not spontaneous
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Viscosity: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable under proper storage, decomposes slowly if moist or wet; active halogen released
Hazardous Reactions: Violent reaction with acids, reducing agents, ammonium compounds, metals, organic materials, and combustible substances
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, moisture, direct sunlight, contact with incompatible substances
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids and bases, reducing chemicals, metals, organic and inflammable materials
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Bromine, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, hydrogen bromide
Polymerization: Does not polymerize, but hazardous decomposition releases toxic gases
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 178 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal): data not available; May cause irritation or severe burns to tissues
Chronic Toxicity: Repeated exposure may cause skin irritation, sensitization, respiratory discomfort, possible bronchial inflammation
Symptoms: Fumes cause cough, irritation, burning; skin and eyes burn; prolonged inhalation leads to headache, nausea
Carcinogenicity: Not classified by IARC, ACGIH, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: Not enough data in humans; some genotoxic effects reported in in vitro studies
Reproductive Toxicity: Data insufficient for classification; animal studies lacking for reproductive risk
Target Organs: Respiratory system, skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract
Other Effects: Delayed burns, possible allergic reaction after repeated contact
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms; LC50 (fish): 0.3 mg/L (96h); EC50 (daphnia): 0.6 mg/L (48h); rapid effect on invertebrates and algae
Persistence and Degradability: Slowly hydrolyzes in water, breakdown generates bromine-containing byproducts; not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulation: Limited data, but breakdown products may persist in aquatic environments
Mobility in Soil: Low to moderate, substance is only slightly soluble and hydrolyzes
Other Adverse Effects: Promotes eutrophication, alters aquatic ecological balance, potential long-term effects in environment
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of as hazardous waste, follow local, regional, and national environmental regulations
Disposal Procedures: Do not discharge to surface water or sewers, avoid creation of dust; place in approved containers for incineration or chemical decomposition
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate and/or dispose as hazardous waste
Handling of Spills: Gather waste with minimum dust formation, wear protective equipment, prevent environmental dispersion
Disposal Restrictions: Observe regulations on halogenated organic chemicals in waste
UN Number: UN 3077 (environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s.)
UN Proper Shipping Name: 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-Dimethylhydantoin
Transport Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles)
Packing Group: III (substances presenting low danger)
Labels: Environmentally hazardous, oxidizer
Special Precautions: Keep containers sealed and upright, segregate from foodstuffs and incompatible materials, transport emergency card available
Transport Regulations: Subject to IATA/ICAO, IMDG, ADR/RID, DOT rules
Inventory Listings: Registered under TSCA (US), listed in EINECS (EU), Australian AICS, Japanese ENCS
SARA Title III: Not specifically listed under Sections 302/304/313, but applicable as hazardous chemical
RCRA Status: No specific EPA hazardous waste code, handle as hazardous material
OSHA: Covered under Hazard Communication Standard; require SDS communication
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as Corrosive, Poisonous and Environmental Hazard
EINECS Number: 201-029-3
Restrictions: Use restricted for drinking water disinfection in some jurisdictions, local regulations apply regarding distribution, labelling, and disposal
EU Classification: Xn Harmful, N Dangerous for the environment, O Oxidizer; R-phrases: 8, 22, 34, 50/53
Other Regulations: Restrictions and approvals vary internationally; refer to national chemical and workplace authority requirements before use
